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À̽¿À´Â Ãʱâ ÀÛÇ°¿¡¼ Çѱ¹ ¸Åü¸¦ ÅëÇØ Á¢±Ù °¡´ÉÇÑ ÃÊ»óÈ¿¡ ÁÖ·Î ÁýÁßÇÏ°í, ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Á¾ÀÌ ÄݶóÁÖ ±â¹ýÀ» ÅëÇØ À̵é ÃÊ»óȸ¦ º¯½Å½ÃÄ×À¸¸ç, ÀÌ´Â °á±¹ À¯¸í ¼±¸ ¿¹¼ú°¡µéÀÇ ÀÛÇ° ÀüÀ¯·Î À̾îÁ³´Ù. ´ç½Ã ±×ÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷Àº ¿µ¾î ´Ü¾î ¡°persuasion(¼³µæ)¡±À¸·Î °¡Àå Àß ¼³¸íÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸Åü ±âÈ£ ¼±Á¤ÀÌ Àǹ̰¡ ¹Ì¸® Á¤ÇØÁ®Àֱ⠺¸´Ù´Â ¿¸° ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ±â´ÉÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í °üÁßÀ» ¡°¼³µæ¡±ÇÏ°íÀÚ ³ë·ÂÇß´Ù. ÀÌ´Â »ó´ç ºÎºÐ ÇÁ¶û½º Èı⠱¸Á¶ÁÖÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀÇ ¸Æ¶ôÀ¸·Î º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ Àüü·ÐÀû µðÀÚÀÎ Ãø¸é¿¡¼ ±×¸²À̳ª ´Ù¸¥ ¸Åü¸¦ ÀüÀ¯ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÑ ±×ÀÇ °áÁ¤Àº ÇÑ ¶§ Æ˾ÆÆ®·Î °£ÁֵǴø ÀÇ¹Ì ¸Æ¶ôÀ» ¿ ¼öµµ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¿¹¼ú°¡ÀÇ ÀÛÇ°À» ÁÖÁ¦·Î ¼±ÅÃÇÏ°í, Àý´ÜµÈ Á¾À̸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ¿¹¼ú ÇüÅ·Π±×°ÍÀ» º¯½Å½ÃÅ°°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù.
In his earlier work, he concentrated primarily on portraits made assessable through Korean media sources and transformed them through his paper collage technique. This eventually gave way to appropriating works of art by famous Western artists. The English word ¡°persuasion¡±may best describe what Lee was doing at the time. He was trying to ¡°persuade¡±his viewers that his selection of signs from the media could function openly rather than with predetermined meanings. This was very much within the context of French Post-Structualist philosophy. Therefore, Lee¡¯s decision to appropriate paintings and other media in terms of holistic design could open the context of meaning once attributed to Pop art. He wants to use other artist¡¯s work as his subject matter and then transform back into another form of art through the use of cut-paper.
1960³â´ë ÃÊ »ó¾÷ ¹®È¸¦ Ç¥»óÇÏ´ø °ÍÀÌ ÇöÀç »ó¾÷ ¹®È°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. 50³â Àü ´º¿å¿¡¼ ¿öȦ°ú ¸®È÷ÅÙ½´Å¸ÀÎÀÌ ¸¸µç ÀÛÇ°Àº »ó¾÷À» ¿¹¼ú ¹ÛÀ¸·Î ¹Ð¾î³»´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó »ó¾÷°úÀÇ ´ëȸ¦ ¿°íÀÚ ÇÑ ½Ãµµ·Î º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. À̽¿ÀÀÇ ÀÛÇ°¿¡¼ ¿öȦÀÇ ¡°¸¶¸¦¸°¡±Àº ¿öȦÀÌ ½ÇÅ©½ºÅ©¸° ÀÛÇ°¿¡ ¸¶¸¦¸°ÀÇ À̹ÌÁö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϱâ ÀüºÎÅÍ Á¸ÀçÇß´ø »ó¾÷ ¿µÈ ¹®ÈÀÇ ±âÈ£·Î º¯½ÅÇß´Ù. ¿öȦ°ú ºñ½ÁÇÏ°Ô À̽¿À´Â ¿¹¼ú°ú ¹®È »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ °¡¿ª ¼Ò¿ëµ¹À̸¦ ¸¸µé°í ÀÖ´Ù. Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº ¿¹¼ú°ú ¹®È¸¦ ºÐ¸®ÇÏ´Â ´ë½Å ±× µÑ °£ÀÇ °ü°è¸¦ ÆľÇÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À̽¿À´Â Çö´ë Çѱ¹ ¿¹¼ú¿¡¼ ÀÌ ¹æÇâÀÇ ÃÖÀü¼±¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¿¹¼ú°¡µé Áß ÇÑ ¸íÀÌ´Ù.
What once represented commercial culture in the early sixties has now become commercial culture. One might understand the work of Warhol and Lichtenstein fifty years earlier in New York as trying to open up a dialogue with commerce instead of pushing it outside of art. In the work of Lee, Warhol¡¯s Marilyn has been transformed back into a sign of commercial film culture, where it began before Warhol used her image in his silkscreens. Similar to Warhol, Mr. Lee is creating a kind of reversible vortex between art and culture. The point is to see the relationship rather than separating the two. Lee, Seong-oh is one of the artists at the forefront of this direction in contemporary Korean art.
À̽¿À°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Á¾ÀÌ ½ºÅ©¸°°ú ¡°±×¸²¡±À» À§ÇØ ¼±ÅÃÇÏ´Â À̹ÌÁöµéÀº È£±â½ÉÀ» ÀھƳ»´Â µ¿½Ã¿¡ µµ¹ßÀûÀÌ´Ù. º»ÀÎÀº À̵é À̹ÌÁö°¡ ÆË°ú Å°Ä¡ »çÀÌ¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î Á¾Á¾ ÀÌÇØÇÑ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, ĵ¹ö½º¿¡ ½ÇÅ©½ºÅ©¸°ÇÑ ³× ¼ÛÀÌ ²ÉÀ» ¹¦»çÇÑ 1960³â´ë ¿öȦ ÀÛÇ°À» ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ÇÑ ±×ÀÇ ÀÛÇ°Àº ¹Ý °íÈåÀÇ °¡Àå À¯¸íÇÑ µÎ ÀÛÇ°, Áï ÀÚÁÖ»ö º×²ÉÀÌ ´ã±ä Ⱥ´°ú ¹àÀº ³ë¶õ»ö Çعٶó±â¿Í ºñ±³ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. À̽¿À´Â ÀÌ µÎ ÁÖÁ¦¸¦ ¼ö¸¹Àº ¹öÀüÀ¸·Î ÀçÇöÇÔÀ¸·Î½á À̵é À̹ÌÁö¿¡ °·ÂÇÏ°Ô ÁýÁßÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½À» º¸¿´´Ù. ¹Ì¼ú ¿ª»ç°¡µéÀº ¿öȦÀ» ¹Ì±¹ Æ˾ÆƼ½ºÆ®·Î º¸´Â ¹Ý¸é, ¹Ý °íÈå´Â »ó¡ÁÖÀÇÀÚ³ª Èıâ ÀλóÆÄ·Î °£ÁÖÇÑ´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ À̵é À̹ÌÁö°¡ ¸Åü¸¦ ÅëÇØ ³Ê¹«³ªµµ ÀÚÁÖ ³ëÃâµÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡, À̵鿡°Ô ÁøºÎÇϰųª Å°Ä¡ÇÑ ¼ºÁúÀÌ ºÎ¿©µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×·¸´Ù°í Çؼ âÁ¶·ÂÀÌ Ç³ºÎÇÑ À̽¿ÀÀÇ ¼Õ°¡¶ô¿¡¼ À̵鿡 ´ëÇÑ Á¶ÀÛÀÌ ¸ØÃßÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
I find the kinds of images that Lee, Seong-oh selects for his paper screens and ¡°paintings¡±both curious and provocative. Often I see them as suspended somewhere between Pop and Kitsch. For example, the works based on Warhol¡¯s four flowers silkscreened on canvas from the sixties might be compared with two of Van Gogh¡¯s best known works: the vases of the purple irises and the bright yellow sunflowers. By producing numerous versions of both themes, Lee has shown a strong commitment to these images. Whereas art historians may identify Warhol as an American Pop artist, they would tend to view Van Gogh as either a Symbolist or a Post-Impressionist. Yet the fact that these images have been exposed through the media so frequently gives them a clicheor kitsch quality. Still, this does not prevent their further manipulation by the fecund fingers of Mr. Lee.
ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ±¸ÀÔÇÏ´Â À̹ÌÁö¿Í Ä£¼÷ÇÑ °í°´µéÀÌ ¿¹¼ú ÀÛÇ°À» ¸¹ÀÌ ±¸ÀÔÇÑ´Ù´Â µ¥¿¡´Â ÀÌ°ßÀÌ ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ½ÇÁ¦ ¿¹¼ú ÀÛÇ°º¸´Ù Ä£¼÷ÇÑ À̹ÌÁö°¡ ½ÃÀå¿¡¼ ´õ Áß¿äÇÏ°Ô ÀÛ¿ëÇÑ´Ù´Â ¶æÀÏ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. À̽¿À¿¡°Ô ÀÖ¾î ²É À̹ÌÁö-¿öȦ¿¡¼ ³ª¿Â °ÍÀ̵ç, ¹Ý °íÈå¿¡°Ô¼ ³ª¿Â °ÍÀ̵ç-´Â ÁßÀçµÈ »ý»ê ¶óÀο¡¼ ÃëÇÑ ±âÈ£¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÏ´Ù. À̽¿À´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ Á¤ÀÇÇÏ´Â ¿¹¼ú¿¡ µû¶ó »ý»ê ¶óÀÎÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÏ°í ¼öÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. Çö´ë ¹Ì¼ú¿¡¼ ÀÌ Àü·«À» µÑ·¯½Ñ ´ã·ÐÀº 1970³â´ë ¸» ´º¿å ¸®Ã³µå ÇÁ¸°½º, ¼¼¸® ·¡ºó ¹× ¾Ù·± ¸ÆÄ÷³°ú °°Àº ¿¹¼ú°¡µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú´Ù. ÀÌ ´ã·ÐÀÇ ¿äÁ¡Àº À̹ÌÁö¿Í °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ½ÃÀåÀÇ ÀÛ¿ë ¹æ½ÄÀ» ÇØüÇÏ°í, À̳äÀû ¸Å°³º¯¼ö¸¦ Á¶»çÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. ÁÖÁ¦(²É)ÀÇ ¡°¼ø¼ö¼º¡±µÚ¿¡ ¼û¾î ÀÌ °³³äÀÌ ¸Å°³º¯¼ö°¡ ¹®ÈÀûÀ¸·Î ´Ù¸£¸é¼µµ ¼¼°èÀûÀ¸·Î ¸Å¿ì ºñ½ÁÇÑ °æ·Î¿¡ ³õ¿©ÀÖ´Â Çѱ¹ ¿¹¼ú°è·Î ÁøÀÔÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ½Ã°£¹®Á¦ÀÏ »ÓÀ̶ó°í ¿¹»óÇÑ À̵鵵 ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
There is no doubt that sales in art are most forthcoming from clients who are familiar with the images they are buying. This may further suggest that familiar images are more important on the market than actual works of art. For Lee, images of flowers ? whether originating with Warhol or Van Gogh -- are merely signs taken from the mediated production line, which he has chosen to take and modify according to his definition of art. The discourse that surround this strategy in contemporary art began in the late seventies in New York with artists, such as Richard Prince, Sherrie Levine, and Allan McCollum, among others. The point was to deconstruct how the market functioned in relation to images and to examine the ideological parameters. Hidden behind the ¡°innocence¡±of the subject matter (flowers), one might have predicted it was only a matter of time before this notion entered into the Korean art world, where the parameters are culturally different, yet globally very much on a similar track.
µû¶ó¼ º»ÀÎÀº À̽¿ÀÀÇ ÀÛÇ°¿¡¼ ¡°ÆË ¼öÁ¤ÁÖÀÇ¡±¸¦ ¾ê±âÇÏ¸é¼ ÆËÀ̶ó´Â °³³äÀÌ ¿À´Ã³¯ Çѱ¹ ¿¹¼úÀÇ ¸Æ¶ô¿¡¼ ¾î¶»°Ô ÀÌÇØµÇ°í ¼öÁ¤µÇ´ÂÁö¸¦ ÀÌÇØÇÏ°íÀÚ ³ë·ÂÇÑ´Ù. º»ÀÎÀÌ ¾ð±ÞÇßµíÀÌ, ÇÑ ¶§ ÆË ¾ÆÆ®·Î ¿©°ÜÁö´ø °ÍÀÌ ¿À´Ã³¯ Å°Ä¡³ª ÁøºÎ ¿¹¼ú·Î ÀçÆò°¡µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±× °úÁ¤¿¡¼ À̽¿ÀÀÇ Á¤±³ÇÑ Á¾ÀÌ ÀÛÇ° ¸Æ¶ô¿¡ ³õÀÎ À̵é ÁßÀç À̹ÌÁöÀÇ Ä£¼÷ÇÔÀº ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ ¸¶ÄÉÆà ¿¬·á¸¦ Á¦°øÇϸç, ´Ù½Ã ¿¹¼ú·Î ÀüȯµÈ ÀÌµé ±âÈ£ÀÇ ÀÇ¹Ì ¹× °¡Ä¡¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ ´õ¿í Áß¿äÇÑ »ç¾ÈµéÀ» Á¾Á¾ ¿ìȸÇÑ´Ù. À̽¿À´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î·Î °è¼Ó ÀüÁøÇÏ¸é¼ ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº »ç¾È¿¡ °ü½ÉÀ» ±â¿ïÀÏ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀδÙ.
Therefore, when I talk about a ¡°Pop Revisionism¡±in Lee, Seong-Oh¡¯s work, I am trying to understand how the idea of Pop might be understood in Korean art context today and how it is being revised. As I am suggesting, what at one time was identified as Pop art is being re-evaluated today in terms of kitsch or clicheart. In doing so, the familiarity of these mediated images when placed in the context of a sophisticated paper work by Lee offers a kind of fuel for marketing, often by-passing some of the more important issues that concern the meaning and value of these signs when placed given back to art. I sense that such concerns are of interest to Lee, Seong-Oh as he continues to move ahead with his idea.
¡ãRobert C. Morgan, Ph.D. is Professor Emeritus in Art History at the Rochester Institute of Technology. He is a painter, curator, international critic, and lecturer, who writes frequently on the work of Korean artists.
¡ãRobert C. Morgan, Ph.D.´Â ·Îü½ºÅÍ °ø°ú´ëÇÐ ¿¹¼ú»ç ±³¼öÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â ¶ÇÇÑ È°¡, Å¥·¹ÀÌÅÍ, ±¹Á¦ ºñÆò°¡ ¹× °»ç·Î¼ Çѱ¹ ¿¹¼ú°¡ÀÇ ÀÛÇ°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±ÛÀ» Á¾Á¾ ¾²°í ÀÖ´Ù.
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¡ÞLee Seung-oh graduated from Chungang University College of Fine Arts Department of Painting and Graduate Schoolof Western Painting. He held solo exhibits at Gallery K, Gwanhun Gallery and Total Art Museum, while also participating in a number of group exhibits such as the New Collection Exhibit (National Museum of Contemporary Art).
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